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Vietnam: flooded karst, port streets and nested enclosures

Some Ha Long Bay lakes connect to the sea through caves. UNESCO describes a typical layout for Hoi An’s port buildings: customer access from the street and cargo handling by boats on the river side. Hue’s Kinh Thanh has three nested enclosures on one axis.

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Dark green limestone islands rising from calm grey-green water in Ha Long Bay, with misty ridges behind, a pink-orange sky at the top and a small white boat in the distance
Limestone islands and boats in Ha Long Bay.Photograph: lumoplank

At a glance

Ha Long Bay - Cat Ba Archipelago
1,133 islands and islets across 65,650 ha[1]
Hoi An Ancient Town
30 ha inscribed core; 1,107 timber-frame buildings[3]
Kinh Thanh, Hue
Construction began in 1805 and ended in 1832[4]

A place worth remembering

Ha Long Bay: two sea connections in karst

UNESCO notes that some lakes in Ha Long Bay’s drowned karst hollows appear tidal. The local board distinguishes an ang, a saltwater lake inside a limestone island connected underground to the sea, from a tung, a sheltered lagoon with a relatively wide opening to the bay.[1][2]

Hoi An: street and river sides of an old port

In UNESCO’s description, the typical layout put customer access on pedestrian streets and cargo handling on the river side, where boats could load and unload goods.[3]

Hue: nested enclosures on one axis

Kinh Thanh stands on the north bank of the Perfume River. The Hue Monuments Conservation Centre describes three walled enclosures arranged one inside another along a north–south line, facing south.[4]

Good to know

A few clear answers before you explore.

Which examples does the Ha Long Bay board give for ang and tung?

It gives Ba Ham Lake as an ang and Tung Sau as a tung.[2]

What arrangement does UNESCO describe as typical for Hoi An’s port buildings?

Street-facing customer access and river-side cargo handling by boat.[3]

When was Kinh Thanh built?

The Hue Monuments Conservation Centre dates its construction from 1805 to 1832.[4]

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