City
Rome, between ancient buildings and the Tiber
Rome is Italy’s capital on the Tiber. Its World Heritage property brings together the historic centre and specified properties of the Holy See. Inscribed in 1980 and significantly extended in 1990, it recognises several layers of the city rather than a single ancient monument.
At a glance
A place worth remembering
Read the Colosseum with the Forum and Palatine
The Colosseum Archaeological Park brings together the amphitheatre, Roman Forum and Palatine. The Colosseum was built in the first century AD under the Flavian emperors. Its space for public spectacles differs from the Forum’s civic setting and the imperial residences on the Palatine. Reading them together reveals several functions of ancient Rome within one archaeological landscape.[2]
The Pantheon shows a building’s second life
Hadrian rebuilt the present Pantheon in AD 118–125, following Agrippa’s earlier temple. In 609, it became the church of Santa Maria ad Martyres. The same building thus connects Rome’s ancient and Christian histories. It also houses the tombs of Italian monarchs and Raphael. Its name and changing role give context to photographs of the classical portico.[3]
Use the Tiber to connect neighbourhoods
The Tiber runs beside Trastevere and Testaccio, with bridges connecting its banks. Ponte Cestio and Ponte Fabricio join Tiber Island to the banks. Ponte Sant’Angelo leads toward Castel Sant’Angelo elsewhere along the river. These crossings provide useful reference points: a river view near the island shows a different part of Rome from one beside the castle.[4]
Good to know
A few clear answers before you explore.
Are the Colosseum, Forum and Palatine part of one park?
Yes. All three belong to the Colosseum Archaeological Park, while representing different functions within ancient Rome.[2]
Was the Pantheon always a church?
No. It originated as a Roman temple; in 609 the building was consecrated as the church of Santa Maria ad Martyres.[3]
Which river flows through Rome?
The Tiber. It runs alongside Trastevere and Testaccio. Tiber Island lies in the river and is linked to the city by historic bridges.[4]
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